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--[[சிறப்பு:Contributions/117.242.24.184|117.242.24.184]] 14:44, 6 நவம்பர் 2013 (UTC)அன்புகுரிய விக்கிபீடியர்களே என் பெயர் ராஜா. நான் முதன் முதலாக டைப் செய்கிரேன். நன்றி.
SELVARAJச
செல்வராஜ்
BRIEF HISTORY OF
MAHAVEER ONDI VEERAn PAGADAI
(FREEDOM FIGHTER)
King Puli Thevar belonged to the Kondayam-Kottai subcaste of the Maravar. who ruled Nerkattumseval situated in the Sankarankoil taluk of Tamil Nadu is traditionally recognized as one of the 72 palaiyams of Madurai and Thalapathi Ondi Veeran Pagadai belonged to the Arunthathiyar Community (Scheduled Caste) was his Chief of Army & Espionage wing and close friend of Puli Thevar. They are known to be the First Freedom Fighters of India. Their territories were of small extent, but their influence throughout the whole of the western part of Tirunelveli was immense. They are the first Indian kings to have fought and defeated the British.
"Nel kattum sevval" literally translates to "Rice tribute paying place", but after its ruler Puli Thevar's successful (initially) attempts at defying Mohammed Ali, the name changed to nel kattan sevval ("place which doesn't pay rice tribute").
Puli Thevar remains one of the illustrious figures in the chequered history of Palayakarars. He was the principal architect of the coalition of the Palayakarars organised against the Nawab. The Nawab acknowledged his victory by presenting him with a gold plate and sword.
In 1754, after Muhammed Ali had finally established himself as the Nawab of Arcot, Col. Alexander Hamilton was appointed to lead the troops that would establish his rule in Tirulneveli. Many Palayakarars paid their arrears and acknowledged the nawab’s suzerainty, but the Western Bloc of palayakarars led by the Puli Thevar of Nerkattumseval, refused to do so. No amount of British force could make them submit and, having tasted independence, were averse to the idea of being dependent once again. All the palayakarars in the West (except Sivagiri) formed a coalition to defend their independence.
These palayams declared their independence in 1757. Yusuf Khan, or Marudhanayagam, was sent by the British to bring the palayakarars under control and make them pay kisthi (Tax). Earlier campaigns in 1755 by Mahfuz Khan were unsuccessful in subduing the palayakarars' partly because of their sticking to each other and partly because British troops had to be withdrawn to raise the French siege of Madras.
Thalapathi Ondi Veeran
One of the most effective ways to gather data and information about an enemy is by infiltrating the enemy's ranks. This is the job of the spy (espionage agent). Spies can bring back all sorts of information concerning the size and strength of an enemy army. They can also find dissidents within the enemy's forces and influence them to defect. In that way once Chief of Espionage Thalapathi Ondi Veeran acted as a spy and single person went inside the British Army camp and destroyed major portion of the troops tactfully who is the first person used in guerrilla method keeping the guns and artillery towards British army and returned back with Crown Horse & Warrior Sword (Pattaththu Kuthirai & Vaal) which are the symbol of winner.
Nelkattumseval 1755
As soon as Thevar refused the British demand for repayment, they besieged Nelkattumseval but Thevar and his troops resisted. The information given by Chief of Espionage Thalapathi Ondi Veeran that the British were short on supplies and also did not have heavy artillery. Thevar was delighted at this news and decided to hold on further.
Heron ordered a massive bombardment of Thevar’s fort, but the British made little progress against the thick stone walls of the fort. Heron was forced to acknowledge that he could not storm the fort.
The heroic defence of Nelkattumseval by Thevar’s small force along with his efficient Chief of Army Thalapathi Ondi Veeran’s reports and good diplomacy made sure that British army made no progress in Thevar’s country. Also with his army on the brink of mutiny due to lack of food and pay, Herron retreated at full throttle. Puli Thevar appreciated his Thalapathi Ondi Veeran Pagadi for his courage and braveness.
Retreat of Mahfuz Khan, 1756
Mahfuz Khan’s army unit ran short of supplies, and he requested more from the British, escorted by troops. Thevar got scent of this program and so he sent a band of his crack troops to attack and loot this British convoy and thereby worsen Mahfuz Khan’s misery. Thevar's success gave a rude shock to Mahfuz’s belief that Thevar was running out of options; he realized that he must rush back to his base at Tirunelveli in order to meet payroll and supply his troops. Thevar, equally surprised by his success, planned a large scale offensive on the enemy-Arcot-British troops.
British soon learnt of this preparation for war and they were alarmed by the sheer scale of ambitions of Thevar. They blamed Mahfuz’s incompetency for this dangerous situation and resolved to intervene directly. They despatched 1000 sepoys under Yusuf Khan and also put Mafuz's armies under Yusuf Khan’s orders.
Yusuf Khan quickly intimidated the eastern palayakarars and moved against Puli Thevar. A series of sieges of Puli Thevar's forts followed. Puli Thevar was captured and escaped/encountered on the way to incarceration. No verifiable records are found about him after his capture/escape. After Puli Thevar, the Thalapathi took the leadership and he ruled Nelkettumseval as Palaya thalaivar. Ondi Veeran continued to fight against British until 1767 and faced many wars ie. Kalakadu, Kangai Kondan, Thirumalai Puthur etc.
While fighting against Yusufkhan and British Troops Mahaveer Ondi Veeran died in battle fied at Then Malai (South Hills). The rise of the western palayakarars of south Tamil Nadu is the first war of Indian Independence from 1755 and not the 1857 sepoy uprising.
Puli Thevar also won over three Pathan generals of Nawab named Mudemiah, Mian Nabi Khan, Mafuzkan, and Yusuf Khan and against the British fought and in all the battles Thalapathi Ondi Veeran led the troops and credits goes to him also.
King Puli Thevar & Thalapathi Ondi Veeran (Chief of Army) are regarded as the first ruler in Indian history, who sowed the seed, by their gallant resistance, to expel foreigners (British) from their native land. Their services to the nation are honoured; the government of Tamil Nadu has erected a memorial for King Puli Thevar & Thalapathi Ondi Veeran Pagadai in Nelkattumseval.
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