* {{cite book|title=Mass communications: a comparative introduction|publisher=Manchester University Press|year=1994|isbn=978-0-7190-3946-1|pages=26–27|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5z7oAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA26|author1=Lorimer, Rowland |author2=Scannell, Patty |lastauthoramp=yes }}
* {{cite book|author=Vipond, Mary|title=The mass media in Canada|publisher=James Lorimer & Company|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55028-714-1|page=88|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eUbz3Ipt0xAC&pg=PA88}}