|
== பரிசு பெற்றோர் ==
{{As of|2005}}, மொத்தம் 135 பேர்களும் 12 நிறுவனங்களும் இப்பரிசைப் பெற்ற பெருமை அடைத்துள்ளனர். கீழே குறிப்பிடத்தக்க பரிசாளர்களும் அவர்களின் அரியசெயல்களும் பட்டியலிடப்பட்டுள்ளன.
பரிசு பெற்றோர்களில் சிலர்:
<!--Notable means the person already has an article on Wikipedia. No red links please! -->
*1985, [[ஸ்டீவ் ஜாப்ஸ்]], ஸ்டீவ் வொசுனியாக், "[[தனி மேசைக் கணினி]]யின் உருவாக்கத்திற்காக…"
{| class="wikitable"
*1998, கென் தாம்ப்சன், [[டெனிஸ் ரிட்ச்சி]], "[[யுனிக்சு]] இயங்குதள்ளக் கண்டுபிடிப்புக்காகவும், [[சி (நிரலாக்க மொழி)|சி]] நிரலாக்க மொழி உருவாக்கியமைக்காகவும்..."
|+ '''Eminent Laureates of the National Medal of Technology and Innovation'''
! ஆண்டு
! பெயர்
! தலைப்பு
|-
| 1985
| [[Fred Brooks]], [[Erich Bloch]] and [[Bob O. Evans|Bob Evans]]
| "For their contributions to the [[IBM System/360]], a computer system and technologies which revolutionized the data processing industry…"
|-
| 1985
| [[ஸ்டீவ் ஜாப்ஸ்]] and [[Steve Wozniak]]
| "For their development and introduction of the [[personal computer]]…"
|-
| 1985
| [[Joseph F. Sutter]]
| "For his contributions to the development of the commercial airliner jet, the 747…"
|-
| 1986
| [[Bernard M. Gordon]]
| "For his invention and development of [[D/A]] and [[Analog-to-digital converter|A/D]] conversion…"
|-
| 1986
| [[Reynold B. Johnson]]
| "For his invention and development of magnetic disk storage…"
|-
| 1987
| [[Robert N. Noyce]]
| "For his inventions in the field of [[semiconductor]] [[integrated circuits]]…"
|-
| 1988
| [[Arnold O. Beckman]]
| "For exceptional creativity in designing analytical instruments" ([[spectrophotometry]])
|-
| 1988
| [[Edwin H. Land]]
| "For the invention, development and marketing of [[Instant camera|instant photography]]."
|-
| 1988
| [[David Packard]]
| "For extraordinary and unselfish leadership in both industry and government, particularly in widely diversified technological fields…"
|-
| 1989
| [[Herbert W. Boyer]] and [[Stanley N. Cohen]]
| "For their fundamental invention of [[gene splicing]] techniques … and discovery of [[recombinant DNA]] technology"
|-
| 1989
| [[Helen T. Edwards]], Richard A. Lundy, J. Ritchie Orr and Alvin Tollestrup
| "For their contributions to the design, construction and initial operation of the [[Tevatron]] particle accelerator"
|-
| 1990
| [[John Atanasoff]]
| "For his invention of the electronic [[digital computer]]…"
|-
| 1990
| [[Marvin Camras]]
| "For the development and commercialization of [[magnetic recording]]…"
|-
| 1990
| [[Jack Kilby]]
| "For his invention and contributions to the commercialization of the [[integrated circuit]] and the silicon thermal print-head; for his contributions to the development of the first computer using integrated circuits; and for the invention of the hand-held calculator, and [[gate array]]."
|-
| 1990
| [[Gordon Moore]]
| "For his seminal leadership in … large-scale [[Computer memory|integrated memory]] and the [[microprocessor]]…"
|-
| 1991
| [[Grace Murray Hopper]]
| "For her pioneering accomplishments in the development of [[Programming language|computer programming languages]]…"
|-
| 1991
| [[Frederick McKinley Jones]]
| "For … development of [[refrigeration]] technology … which revolutionized the [[food preservation|preservation]] and [[food distribution|distribution]] of food and other perishables…"
|-
| 1992
| [[Bill Gates]]
| "For his early vision of universal computing at home and in the office…"
|-
| 1993
| [[Kenneth H. Olsen]]
| "For his contributions to the development and use of computer technology" ([[Digital Equipment Corporation]] – DEC)
|-
| 1994
| [[Irwin M. Jacobs]]
| "For his development of [[Code Division Multiple Access]] (CDMA) as a commercial technology adopted as a U.S. digital cellular standard"
|-
| 1995
| [[Alejandro Zaffaroni]]
| "For his contributions to time released medicine and serial entrepreneurship in the field of biotechnology."
|-
| 1996
| [[Stephanie Kwolek]]
| "For her contributions to the discovery, development and liquid crystal processing of high-performance [[aramid]] fibers (Kevlar)"
|-
| 1997
| [[Vinton Cerf]] and [[Robert E. Kahn]]
| "For creating and sustaining development of [[Internet Protocol]]s"
|-
| 1997
| [[Ray Dolby]]
| "For his inventions and for fostering their adoption worldwide through the products and programs of his company"
|-
| 1998
| [[Ken Thompson (computer programmer)|Ken Thompson]] and [[Dennis Ritchie]]
| "For co-inventing the [[UNIX]] operating system and the [[C programming language]] which together have led to enormous advance to computer hardware, software and networking systems. And assimilated the growth of an entire industry thereby enhancing American leadership in the information age."
|-
| 1999
| [[Robert Taylor (computer scientist)|Robert W. Taylor]]
| "For visionary leadership in the development of modern computing technology, including computer networks, the personal computer and the graphical user interface."
|-
| 2000
| [[Douglas Engelbart ]]
| For inventing the [[computer mouse]] and helping develop [[hypertext]]
|-
| 2000
| [[Dean Kamen]]
| "For inventions that have advanced medical care worldwide, and for … awakening America to the excitement of science and technology."
|-
| 2001
| [[Arun Netravali]]
| "pioneering contributions that transformed TV from analog to digital, enabling numerous integrated circuits, systems and services in broadcast TV, CATV, DBS, HDTV, and multimedia over the Internet; and for technical expertise and leadership, which have kept Bell Labs at the forefront in communications technology."
|-
| 2002
| [[Carl D. Keith]] and [[John J. Mooney]]
| For inventing the three-way [[catalytic converter]]
|-
| 2002
| [[M. George Craford]], [[Russell Dean Dupuis]], [[Nick Holonyak]]
| For inventing the [[light emitting diode|LED]]
|-
| 2003
| [[Jan D. Achenbach]]
| "For his seminal contributions to engineering research and education and for pioneering ultrasonic methods for the detection of cracks and corrosion in aircraft, leading to improved safety for aircraft structures."
|-
| 2003
| [[Watts Humphrey]]
| "For his [[Capability Maturity Model|vision of a discipline]] for [[software engineering]], for his work toward meeting that vision, and for the resultant impact on the U.S. Government, industry, and academic communities."
|-
| 2003
| [[Robert Metcalfe]]
| "For leadership in the invention, standardization, and commercialization of [[Ethernet]]."
|-
| 2004
| [[Ralph Baer]]
| "For inventing the first [[video game console]]."
|-
| 2004
| [[Roger L. Easton|Roger Easton, Sr.]]
| "For his extensive pioneering achievements in [[spacecraft]] tracking, [[navigation]] and [[timing]] technology that led to the development of the [[Global Positioning System|NAVSTAR-Global Positioning System]] (GPS)."<ref name="easton">{{cite press release | title = President announces Roger Easton recipient of National Medal of Technology | publisher = Naval Research Laboratory | date = 2005-11-22 | url = http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2005-11/nrl-par112205.php | accessdate = 2010-10-19}}</ref>
|-
| 2005
| [[Ronald J. Eby]], [[Maya Koster]], [[Dace Viceps Madore]] and [[Velupillai Puvanesarajah]]
| "For their work in the discovery, development and commercialization of Prevnar, the first-ever vaccine to prevent the deadly and disabling consequences of Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in children."
|-
| 2005
| [[Dean L. Sicking]]
| "For his innovative design and development of roadside and race track safety technologies that safely dissipate the energy of high-speed crashes, helping prevent fatalities and injuries."
|-
| 2005
| [[Alfred Y. Cho]]
| "For his contributions to the invention of the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) technology and the development of the MBE technology into an advanced electronic and photonic devices production tool, with applications to cellular phones, CD players, and high-speed communications."
|-
| 2006
| [[Leslie A. Geddes]]
| "For his contributions to electrode design and tissue restoration, which have led to the widespread use of a wide variety of clinical devices. His discoveries and inventions have saved and enriched thousands of lives and have formed the cornerstone of much of the modern implantable medical device field."
|-
| 2006
| [[Paul G. Kaminski]]
| "For his contributions to national security through the development of advanced, unconventional imaging from space, and for developing and fielding advanced systems with greatly enhanced survivability. He has made a profound difference in the national security posture and the global leadership of the United States."
|-
| 2006
| [[Herwig Kogelnik]]
| "For his pioneering contributions and leadership in the development of the technology of lasers, optoelectronics, integrated optics, and lightwave communication systems that have been instrumental in driving the growth of fiber optic transmission systems for our Nation's communications infrastructure."
|-
| 2006
| [[Charles M. Vest]]
| "For his visionary leadership in advancing America's technological workforce and capacity for innovation through revitalizing the national partnership among academia, government, and industry."
|-
| 2006
| [[James Edward Maceo West]]
| "For co-inventing the electret microphone in 1962. Ninety percent of the two billion microphones produced annually and used in everyday items such as telephones, hearing aids, camcorders, and multimedia computers employ electret technology."
|-
| 2007
| [[Paul Baran]]
| "For the invention and development of the fundamental architecture for packet switched communication networks which provided a paradigm shift from the circuit switched communication networks of the past and later was used to build the ARPANET and the Internet."
|-
| 2007
| [[Roscoe O. Brady]]
| "For the discovery of the enzymatic defects in hereditary metabolic disorders such as Gaucher disease, Niemann-Pick disease, Fabry disease and Tay-Sachs disease, devising widely used genetic counseling procedures and development of highly effective enzyme replacement therapy that provided the foundation for patient treatment; and for stimulating the creation of and fostering the success of many biotechnology companies that now produce the therapeutics for the treatment of these diseases."
|-
| 2007
| [[Dave Cutler|David N. Cutler]]
| "For having envisioned, designed and implemented world standards for real-time, personal and server-based operating systems for over 30 years, carrying these projects from conception through design, engineering and production for Digital Equipment Corporation’s RSX-11 and VAX/VMS and for Microsoft’s Windows NT-based computer operating systems, and for his fundamental contributions to computer architecture, compilers, operating systems and software engineering."
|-
| 2007
| [[Armand V. Feigenbaum]]
| "For leadership in the development of the economic relationship of quality costs, productivity improvement, and profitability and for his pioneering application of economics, general systems theory and technology, statistical methods and management principles that define the Total Quality Management approach for achieving performance excellence and global competitiveness. "
|-
| 2007
| [[Adam Heller]]
| "For fundamental contributions to electrochemistry and bioelectrochemistry and the subsequent application of those fundamentals in the development of technological products that improved the quality of life of millions across the globe, most notably in the area of human health and well-being."
|-
| 2007
| [[Carlton Grant Willson]]
| "For creation of novel lithographic imaging materials and techniques that have enabled the manufacturing of smaller, faster and more efficient microelectronic components that better the quality of the lives of people worldwide and improve the competitiveness of the U.S. microelectronics industry."
|-
| 2008
| [[Forrest M. Bird]]
| "For his pioneering inventions in cardiopulmonary medicine, including the medical respirator; devices that helped launch modern-day medical evacuation capabilities; and intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) technologies, which have saved the lives of millions of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other conditions."
|-
| 2008
| [[Esther Sans Takeuchi]]
| "For her seminal development of the silver vanadium oxide battery that powers the majority of the world's lifesaving implantable cardiac defibrillators, and her innovations in other medical battery technologies that improve the health and quality of life of millions of people."
|-
| 2008
| [[John Warnock]] and [[Charles Geschke]]
| "For their pioneering contributions that spurred the desktop publishing revolution and for changing the way people create and engage with information and entertainment across multiple mediums including print, Web and video."<ref name="warnock_geschke">{{cite press release | title = Secretary Locke Joins President Obama in Announcing the 2008 National Medal of Technology and Innovation Laureates | publisher = United State Patent and Trademark Office | date = 2009-09-17 | url = http://www.uspto.gov/main/homepagenews/2009sep17.htm | accessdate = 2010-10-19}}</ref>
|-
| 2009
| [[Harry Coover|Harry W. Coover]]
| "for his invention of cyanoacrylates, a new class of adhesives that have influenced medicine and industry, and are known widely to consumers as "super" glues."
|-
| 2009
| [[Helen M. Free]]
| "for her seminal contributions to diagnostic chemistry, primarily through dip-and-read urinalysis tests, that first enabled diabetics to monitor their blood glucose levels on their own."
|-
| 2009
| [[Steven Sasson|Steven J. Sasson]]
| "for the invention of the digital camera, which has revolutionized the way images are captured, stored and shared, thereby creating new opportunities for commerce, for education and for improved worldwide communication."
|-
| 2009
| [[Federico Faggin]], [[Marcian Hoff|Marcian E. Hoff Jr.]], [[Stanley Mazor]]
| "for the conception, design, development and application of the first microcomputer, a universal building block that enabled a multitude of novel digital electronic systems." <ref>[http://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=117875&org=NSF&from=news National Medal of Technology 2009]</ref>
|-
| 2010
| [[Rakesh Agrawal]]
| "for an extraordinary record of innovations in improving the energy efficiency and reducing the cost of gas liquefaction and separation. These innovations have had significant positive impacts on electronic device manufacturing, liquefied gas production, and the supply of industrial gases for diverse industries." <ref>[http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2011/09/27/president-obama-honors-nation-s-top-scientists-and-innovators National Medal of Technology 2010]</ref>
|-
| 2010
| [[B. Jayant Baliga]]
| "for development and commercialization of the Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor and other power semiconductor devices that are extensively used in transportation, lighting, medicine, defense, and renewable energy generation systems."
|-
| 2010
| [[C. Donald Bateman]]
| "for developing and championing critical flight-safety sensors now used by aircraft worldwide, including ground proximity warning systems and wind-shear detection systems."
|-
| 2010
| [[Yvonne C. Brill]]
| "for innovation in rocket propulsion systems for geosynchronous and low earth orbit communication satellites, which greatly improved the effectiveness of space propulsion systems."
|-
| 2010
| [[Michael F. Tompsett]]
| "for pioneering work in materials and electronic technologies including the design and development of the first charge-coupled device (CCD) imagers."
|}
== இவற்றையும் காண்க ==
| 