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விளக்கம்East-Hem 323bc.jpg	English: Eastern Hemisphere in 323 BC, at the death of Alexander the Great.
மூலம்	சொந்த முயற்சி (For reference information, see below)
ஆசிரியர்	Thomas Lessman (Contact!)
அனுமதி (இக்கோப்பை மீண்டும் பயன்படுத்துதல்)	இந்த ஆக்கத்தின் காப்புரிமையாளரான நான் இதனைப் பின்வரும் உரிமத்தின் கீழ் வெளியிடுகின்றேன்: இந்த கோப்பு Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported உரிமத்தின் கீழ் உள்ளது. நீங்கள் சுதந்திரமாக: பகிர்ந்து கொள்ள – வேலையை நகலெடுக்க, விநியோகிக்க மற்றும் அனுப்ப மீண்டும் கலக்க – வேலைக்கு பழகிக்கொள்ள. கீழ்க்காணும் விதிகளுக்கு ஏற்ப, பண்புக்கூறுகள் – நீங்கள் பொருத்தமான உரிமையை வழங்க வேண்டும், உரிமத்திற்கான இணைப்பை வழங்க வேண்டும் மற்றும் மாற்றங்கள் செய்யப்பட்டிருந்தால் குறிப்பிட வேண்டும். நீங்கள் ஏற்புடைய எந்த முறையிலும் அவ்வாறு செய்யலாம், ஆனால் எந்த வகையிலும் உரிமதாரர் உங்களை அல்லது உங்கள் பயன்பாட்டிற்கு ஒப்புதல் அளிக்கும் படி பரிந்துரைக்க கூடாது. அதே மாதிரி பகிர் – நீங்கள் ரீமிக்ஸ் செய்தாலோ, உருமாற்றம் செய்தாலோ அல்லது பொருளை உருவாக்கினாலோ, உங்கள் பங்களிப்புகளை அல்லது இணக்கமான உரிமம் கீழ் அசலாக விநியோகிக்க வேண்டும். https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0CC BY-SA 3.0 Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 truetrue

Map Summary

Original Source URL: http://www.thomaslessman.com/History/images/East-Hem_323bc.jpg.

This map of the Eastern Hemisphere in 323 BC was created by Thomas Lessman, based on information from the sources listed below. This map is free for educational use (see Permission info above). When using this map, please mention that it is available for free at www.WorldHistoryMaps.info.

Map Source References

• Remember, sources often conflict with each other. This map is only as accurate as the information that is available to me.
• To report any errors or to help further this work, please use the Corrections page, or email Thomas Lessman at talessman@yis.us

References for information contained in this map:

Empire of Alexander the Great information is derived from:

• The DK Atlas of World History, 2000 Edition; map of Alexander's Empire and successors; (Pg. 224)
• Wikimedia's map of The Empire of Alexander the Great uploaded by User talk:Captain Blood
• Wikipedia's article about Alexander the Great

I - European Information:

Roman Republic borders are derived from The DK Atlas of World History, 2000 Edition; Pg. 178; Map of Italy in 240 BCE (also shows Roman borders in 300 BCE).

II - Asian Information:

Chinese Area borders are derived from this map of The Contending States Boundries c. 350 BC, available on Huhai.net.

Indian Kingdoms locations are derived from Wikimedia's map of Epic India.

Gangaridai Note: the borders depicted for Gangaridai are not shown on any maps I've seen, they are described rather vaguely in the sources below:

• This article about The Origins of the Ganga Dynasty - A New Insight archive copy at the Wayback Machine by Dr. Harihar Kanungo; (Pg 25, section a).
• This article from Missouri Southern State University about Gangaridae in Megasthenes' Indica archive copy at the Wayback Machine; (Section 37).
• The History of Bengal website, which contains extensive information on an archeological site called Chandraketugarh, which may be the lost city of Ganga (the capital of Gangaridai).

Nanda Dynasty borders are derived from:

• The DK Atlas of World History, 2000 Edition; Map of The Nanda and Mauryan Empires 365-181 BCE; (Pg. 241)

Văn Lang borders are derived from:

• Wikimedia's map of Van Lang, created by User:Briangotts.
• Wikipedia's articles about Văn Lang and the Hồng Bàng Dynasty.

III - African Information and info for fringe areas like Africa, Australia, Siberia, etc. derive from:

• The DK Atlas of World History, 2000 Edition; map of The development of complex societies in Africa; (Page 160)
• Wikimedia's map of the World 323 BCE, created by User:Briangotts, and
• Wikimedia's map of the World in 300 BCE, created by User:Javierfv1212.

Note: Much of the information in this map was cross-checked with Bruce Gordon's Regnal Chronologies.

Other Maps by Thomas Lessman

Original upload log

• 2007-12-21 15:09 Talessman 3240×1903×8 (717376 bytes) Corrected info for Far eastern peoples, more info for Africa and Europe
• 2007-11-21 19:34 Talessman 3240×1903×8 (697847 bytes) Added info on lesser-known cultures. Also changed text color of Helenistic states to Blue, of Iranian peoples to green, and added names of smaller nations (numbered legend).
• 2007-11-06 22:20 Talessman 3240×1903×8 (689151 bytes) Corrected borders in Sudan (Meroe) and Arabia, added info for Japan, Indonesia, etc.
• 2007-10-02 17:49 Talessman 2880×1692×8 (546378 bytes) Author: Thomas A. Lessman. Source URL: http://www.ThomasLessman.com/History/images/East-Hem_323bc.jpg. Image was created by me (Thomas Lessman) based on historical information located on Wikipedia, as well as information from maps located in Wikipedia and
• 2007-09-12 21:35 Talessman 2880×1692×8 (514268 bytes) Author: Thomas A. Lessman. Source URL: http://www.ThomasLessman.com/History/images/East-Hem_323bc.jpg. Image was created by me (Thomas Lessman) based on historical information located on Wikipedia, as well as information from maps located in Wikipedia and