வார்ப்புரு:Citation
This வார்ப்புரு employs intricate features of template syntax.
You are encouraged to familiarise yourself with its setup and parser functions before editing the template. If your edit causes unexpected problems, please undo it quickly, as this template may appear on a large number of pages. You can conduct experiments, and should test all major changes, in either this template's sandbox, the general template sandbox, or your user space before changing anything here. |
The Citation template is a versatile template for citing books, periodicals, contributions in collective works, patents, and web-sites. Its goal is to be an all-purpose citation template. It also has functionality to aid the use of the Harvard referencing style. The template allows author-date ("Harvard") citations in the main body of text to link to a full citation (generated by this template) in a "References" section at the end of the article via the Template:Harvard citation template. This template creates an மீப்பாடக் குறிமொழி anchor, linked by #CITEREF followed by up to 4 author/editor last names and the date, to which the Harvard citation and related templates can link.
The template knows whether you are citing a book, periodical, or a chapter in a compilation, depending on which combination of parameters you use. For use with author-date systems such as the Harvard citation template, use of last and date parameters should be considered compulsory, where possible.
Citing books
தொகுParameters (all are optional)
தொகு{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | last2 = | first2 = | author2-link = | publication-date = | date = | year = | title = | edition = | volume = | series = | publication-place = | place = | publisher = | pages = | page = | id = | isbn = | doi = | oclc = | url = | accessdate = }}. |
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Examples
தொகுOne author | {{ Citation | last=Turner | first=O. | title=History of the Pioneer Settlement of Phelps and Gorham's Purchase, and Morris' Reserve | publisher=William Alling | place=Rochester, New York | year=1851 | url = http://olivercowdery.com/texts/1851Trn1.htm#turn1851 | accessdate = 2008-01-28 }}. |
Turner, O. (1851), History of the Pioneer Settlement of Phelps and Gorham's Purchase, and Morris' Reserve, Rochester, New York: William Alling, பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 2008-01-28. |
Three authors, a volume, and an edition | {{ Citation | last1=Lincoln | first1=A. | last2=Washington | first2=G. | last3=Adams | first3=J. | title=All the Presidents' Names | publisher=The Pentagon | place=Home Base, New York | volume=XII | edition=2nd | year=2007 }}. |
Lincoln, A.; Washington, G.; Adams, J. (2007), All the Presidents' Names, vol. XII (2nd ed.), Home Base, New York: The Pentagon. |
Citing journals, newspapers, magazines, or other periodicals
தொகுParameters
தொகு{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | publication-date = | date = | year = | title = | periodical = | series = | publication-place = | place = | publisher = | volume = | issue = | pages = | url = | issn = | doi = | oclc = | accessdate = }}. |
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Examples
தொகுJournal article | {{Citation | last=Hill | first=Marvin S. | title=Joseph Smith and the 1826 Trial: New Evidence and New Difficulties | journal=BYU Studies | volume=12 | issue=2 | year=1976 | pages=1–8 | url=https://byustudies.byu.edu/ shop/PDFSRC/12.2Hill.pdf }}. |
Hill, Marvin S. (1976), "Joseph Smith and the 1826 Trial: New Evidence and New Difficulties" (PDF), BYU Studies, 12 (2): 1–8. |
Newspaper article | {{Citation | last=Smith | first=Joseph III | author-link=Joseph Smith III | title=Last Testimony of Sister Emma | newspaper=The Saints' Herald | publication-place=Plano, IL | volume=26 | issue=19 | date=[[அக்டோபர் 1]], [[1879]] | year=1879 | month=October | page=289 | url=http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/ dbroadhu/IL/sain1872.htm#100179 }}. |
Smith, Joseph III (1879), "Last Testimony of Sister Emma", The Saints' Herald, Plano, IL, vol. 26, no. 19, p. 289. |
Citing edited books, or parts of edited books, including encyclopedias and encyclopedia articles
தொகுParameters
தொகு{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | last2 = | first2 = | author2-link = | year = | date = | publication-date = | contribution = | contribution-url = | editor-last = | editor-first = | editor-link = | editor2-last = | editor2-first = | editor2-link = | title = | edition = | series = | place = | publication-place = | publisher = | volume = | pages = | id = | isbn = | doi = | oclc = | url = }}. |
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Examples
தொகுManuscript published in an edited compilation | {{Citation | last=Bidamon | first=Emma Smith | author-link=Emma Hale Smith | chapter=Letter to Emma S. Pilgrim | date=[[மார்ச் 27]] [[1876]] | year=1876 | editor-surname=Vogel | editor-first=Dan | title=Early Mormon Documents | volume=1 | publisher=Signature Books | publication-date=1996 | isbn=1-56085-072-8 }}. |
Bidamon, Emma Smith (27 March 1876), "Letter to Emma S. Pilgrim", in Vogel, Dan (ed.), Early Mormon Documents, vol. 1, Signature Books (published 1996), பன்னாட்டுத் தரப்புத்தக எண் 1-56085-072-8{{citation}} : CS1 maint: date and year (link).
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Work with an editor but no author | {{Citation | editor-surname=Vogel | editor-first=Dan | title=Early Mormon Documents | volume=1 | publisher=Signature Books | publication-date=1996 | isbn=1-56085-072-8 }}. |
Vogel, Dan, ed. (1996), Early Mormon Documents, vol. 1, Signature Books, பன்னாட்டுத் தரப்புத்தக எண் 1-56085-072-8. |
Encyclopedia article by a named author | {{Citation | last = Kramer | first = Martin | contribution = Bernard Lewis | editor-last = Boyd | editor-first = Kelley | title = Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing | volume = 1 | pages = 719–720 | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | place = London | publication-date = 1999 | contribution-url = http:// www.geocities.com/martinkramerorg/ BernardLewis.htm }}. |
Kramer, Martin (1999), "Bernard Lewis", in Boyd, Kelley (ed.), Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, vol. 1, London: Fitzroy Dearborn, pp. 719–720. |
Encyclopedia article with no named author | {{Citation | contribution = Bernard Lewis | editor-last = Boyd | editor-first = Kelley | title = Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing | volume = 1 | pages = 719–720 | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | place = London | year = 1999 | contribution-url = http:// www.geocities.com/martinkramerorg/ BernardLewis.htm }}. |
Boyd, Kelley, ed. (1999), "Bernard Lewis", Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, vol. 1, London: Fitzroy Dearborn, pp. 719–720. |
Citing contributions, republications, or edited quotations in a periodical article
தொகுParameters
தொகு{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | last2 = | first2 = | author2-link = | year = | date = | publication-date = | contribution = | contribution-url = | editor-last = | editor-first = | editor-link = | editor2-last = | editor2-first = | editor2-link = | title = | periodical = | series = | volume = | issue = | pages = | place = | publication-place = | publisher = | id = | issn = | doi = | oclc = | url = }}. |
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Examples
தொகுManuscript edited and published in a journal | {{Citation | last=Knight | first=Joseph, Sr. | year=1833 | editor-last=Jessee | editor-first=Dean | title=Joseph Knight's Recollection of Early Mormon History | journal=BYU Studies | volume=17 | issue=1 | publication-date=1976 | pages=35 | url=https://byustudies.byu.edu/ shop/PDFSRC/17.1Jessee.pdf }}. |
Knight, Joseph, Sr. (1833), Jessee, Dean (ed.), "Joseph Knight's Recollection of Early Mormon History" (PDF), BYU Studies (published 1976), 17 (1): 35{{citation}} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link).
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Manuscript written at one date and place, then published in a periodical at a different date and place with commentary by the editor. | {{Citation | last=Klingensmith | first=Philip | contribution=Affidavit | year=1872 | date=[[செப்டம்பர் 5]] [[1872]] | place=Lincoln County, Nevada | title=Mountain Meadows Massacre | editor-last=Toohy | editor-first=Dennis J. | journal=Corinne Daily Reporter | publication-date=24 September 1872 | publication-place=Corinne, Utah | volume=5 | issue=252 | pages=1 | contribution-url=http:// udn.lib.utah.edu/u?/corinne,5359 }}. |
Klingensmith, Philip (1872), written at Lincoln County, Nevada, Toohy, Dennis J. (ed.), "Mountain Meadows Massacre", Corinne Daily Reporter, Corinne, Utah, 5 (252): 1. |
Citing patents
தொகுParameters (all are optional)
தொகு{{Citation | inventor-last = | inventor-first = | inventorlink = | inventor2-last = | inventor2-first = | inventorlink2 = | publication-date = | issue-date = | title = | country-code = | description = | patent-number = }}. |
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Examples
தொகுUnited States patent with multiple inventors | {{citation | inventor1-last = Degermark | inventor1-first = Mikael | inventor2-last = Brodnik | inventor2-first = Andrej | inventor3-last = Carlsson | inventor3-first = Svante | inventor4-last = Pink | inventor4-first = Stephen | title = Fast routing lookup system using complete prefix tree, bit vector, and pointers in a routing table for determining where to route IP datagrams | issue-date = 2001 | patent-number = 6266706 | country-code = US}}. |
Fast routing lookup system using complete prefix tree, bit vector, and pointers in a routing table for determining where to route IP datagrams {{citation}} : Unknown parameter |country-code= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |inventor1-first= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |inventor1-last= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |inventor2-first= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |inventor2-last= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |inventor3-first= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |inventor3-last= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |inventor4-first= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |inventor4-last= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |issue-date= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |patent-number= ignored (help).
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Tools
தொகுSee விக்கிப்பீடியா:மேற்கோள் சுட்டுதல்#Tools for a list of tools which can help create a reference in the 'citation' format.
COinS
தொகுThis template produces COinS metadata; see COinS in Wikipedia for background information.
TemplateData
தொகுThe Citation template generates a citation for a book, periodical, contribution in a collective work, patent, or a web page. It determines the citation type by examining which parameters are used.
Parameter | Description | Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | no description | String | optional |
2 | 2 | no description | String | optional |
3 | 3 | no description | String | optional |
author surname | last | surname of the author of the cited material | String | optional |
author given name | first | given name (first name) of the author of the cited material | String | optional |
title of source | title | Title of source; displays in italics. | String | required |
date of source | date | Full date of source being referenced in the same format as other publication dates in the citations.[1] Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after publisher. | String | optional |
url of source | url | URL of an online location where the text of the publication can be found. | String | optional |
Website | website work | Name of the website; may be wikilinked; will display in italics. Having both 'Publisher' and 'Website' is redundant in most cases
| String | suggested |
inventor-surname | inventor-surname | no description | String | optional |
inventor1-surname | inventor1-surname | no description | String | optional |
inventor-last | inventor-last | no description | String | optional |
inventor1-last | inventor1-last | no description | String | optional |
inventor | inventor | no description | String | optional |
invent1 | invent1 | no description | String | optional |
invent-1 | invent-1 | no description | String | optional |
country-code | country-code | no description | String | optional |
inventor2-surname | inventor2-surname | no description | String | optional |
inventor2-last | inventor2-last | no description | String | optional |
inventor2 | inventor2 | no description | String | optional |
invent2 | invent2 | no description | String | optional |
inventor3-surname | inventor3-surname | no description | String | optional |
inventor3-last | inventor3-last | no description | String | optional |
inventor3 | inventor3 | no description | String | optional |
invent3 | invent3 | no description | String | optional |
inventor4-surname | inventor4-surname | no description | String | optional |
inventor4-last | inventor4-last | no description | String | optional |
inventor4 | inventor4 | no description | String | optional |
invent4 | invent4 | no description | String | optional |
inventor-given | inventor-given | no description | String | optional |
inventor1-given | inventor1-given | no description | String | optional |
inventor-first | inventor-first | no description | String | optional |
inventor1-first | inventor1-first | no description | String | optional |
inventor2-given | inventor2-given | no description | String | optional |
inventor2-first | inventor2-first | no description | String | optional |
inventor3-given | inventor3-given | no description | String | optional |
inventor3-first | inventor3-first | no description | String | optional |
inventor4-given | inventor4-given | no description | String | optional |
inventor4-first | inventor4-first | no description | String | optional |
inventorlink1 | inventorlink1 | no description | String | optional |
inventorlink | inventorlink | no description | String | optional |
inventorlink2 | inventorlink2 | no description | String | optional |
inventorlink3 | inventorlink3 | no description | String | optional |
inventorlink4 | inventorlink4 | no description | String | optional |
country | country | no description | String | optional |
publication-number | publication-number | no description | String | optional |
patent-number | patent-number | no description | String | optional |
number | number | no description | String | optional |
description | description | no description | String | optional |
status | status | no description | String | optional |
publication-date | publication-date | no description | String | optional |
pubdate | pubdate | no description | String | optional |
issue-date | issue-date | no description | String | optional |
gdate | gdate | no description | String | optional |
year | year | no description | String | optional |
fdate | fdate | no description | String | optional |
pridate | pridate | no description | String | optional |
assign1 | assign1 | no description | String | optional |
assign2 | assign2 | no description | String | optional |
ref | ref | no description | String | optional |
separator | separator | no description | String | optional |
quote | quote | no description | String | optional |
postscript | postscript | no description | String | optional |
author-separator | author-separator | no description | String | optional |
author-mask | author-mask | no description | String | optional |
authormask | authormask | no description | String | optional |
surname | surname | no description | String | optional |
last1 | last1 | no description | String | optional |
surname1 | surname1 | no description | String | optional |
author1 | author1 | no description | String | optional |
author | author | no description | String | optional |
authors | authors | no description | String | optional |
last2 | last2 | no description | String | optional |
surname2 | surname2 | no description | String | optional |
author2 | author2 | no description | String | optional |
last3 | last3 | no description | String | optional |
surname3 | surname3 | no description | String | optional |
author3 | author3 | no description | String | optional |
last4 | last4 | no description | String | optional |
surname4 | surname4 | no description | String | optional |
author4 | author4 | no description | String | optional |
last5 | last5 | no description | String | optional |
surname5 | surname5 | no description | String | optional |
author5 | author5 | no description | String | optional |
last6 | last6 | no description | String | optional |
surname6 | surname6 | no description | String | optional |
author6 | author6 | no description | String | optional |
last7 | last7 | no description | String | optional |
surname7 | surname7 | no description | String | optional |
author7 | author7 | no description | String | optional |
last8 | last8 | no description | String | optional |
surname8 | surname8 | no description | String | optional |
author8 | author8 | no description | String | optional |
last9 | last9 | no description | String | optional |
surname9 | surname9 | no description | String | optional |
author9 | author9 | no description | String | optional |
first1 | first1 | no description | String | optional |
given1 | given1 | no description | String | optional |
given | given | no description | String | optional |
first2 | first2 | no description | String | optional |
given2 | given2 | no description | String | optional |
first3 | first3 | no description | String | optional |
given3 | given3 | no description | String | optional |
first4 | first4 | no description | String | optional |
given4 | given4 | no description | String | optional |
first5 | first5 | no description | String | optional |
given5 | given5 | no description | String | optional |
first6 | first6 | no description | String | optional |
given6 | given6 | no description | String | optional |
first7 | first7 | no description | String | optional |
given7 | given7 | no description | String | optional |
first8 | first8 | no description | String | optional |
given8 | given8 | no description | String | optional |
first9 | first9 | no description | String | optional |
given9 | given9 | no description | String | optional |
author-link | author-link | no description | String | optional |
author1-link | author1-link | no description | String | optional |
authorlink | authorlink | no description | String | optional |
authorlink1 | authorlink1 | no description | String | optional |
author2-link | author2-link | no description | String | optional |
authorlink2 | authorlink2 | no description | String | optional |
author3-link | author3-link | no description | String | optional |
authorlink3 | authorlink3 | no description | String | optional |
author4-link | author4-link | no description | String | optional |
authorlink4 | authorlink4 | no description | String | optional |
author5-link | author5-link | no description | String | optional |
authorlink5 | authorlink5 | no description | String | optional |
author6-link | author6-link | no description | String | optional |
authorlink6 | authorlink6 | no description | String | optional |
author7-link | author7-link | no description | String | optional |
authorlink7 | authorlink7 | no description | String | optional |
author8-link | author8-link | no description | String | optional |
authorlink8 | authorlink8 | no description | String | optional |
author9-link | author9-link | no description | String | optional |
authorlink9 | authorlink9 | no description | String | optional |
coauthor | coauthor | no description | String | optional |
coauthors | coauthors | no description | String | optional |
origyear | origyear | no description | String | optional |
month | month | no description | String | optional |
trans_chapter | trans_chapter | no description | String | optional |
trans_title | trans_title | no description | String | optional |
type | type | no description | String | optional |
archiveurl | archiveurl | no description | String | optional |
deadurl | deadurl | no description | String | optional |
series | series | no description | String | optional |
version | version | no description | String | optional |
journal | journal | no description | String | optional |
periodical | periodical | no description | String | optional |
newspaper | newspaper | no description | String | optional |
magazine | magazine | no description | String | optional |
work | work | no description | String | optional |
volume | volume | no description | String | optional |
issue | issue | no description | String | optional |
pages | pages | no description | String | optional |
page | page | no description | String | optional |
at | at | no description | String | optional |
nopp | nopp | no description | String | optional |
chapter | chapter | no description | String | optional |
contribution | contribution | no description | String | optional |
chapter-url | chapter-url | no description | String | optional |
chapterurl | chapterurl | no description | String | optional |
contribution-url | contribution-url | no description | String | optional |
chapter-format | chapter-format | no description | String | optional |
others | others | no description | String | optional |
edition | edition | no description | String | optional |
place | place | no description | String | optional |
location | location | no description | String | optional |
publication-place | publication-place | no description | String | optional |
publisher | publisher | no description | String | optional |
editor-last | editor-last | no description | String | optional |
editor-surname | editor-surname | no description | String | optional |
editor1-last | editor1-last | no description | String | optional |
editor1-surname | editor1-surname | no description | String | optional |
editor1 | editor1 | no description | String | optional |
editor | editor | no description | String | optional |
editors | editors | no description | String | optional |
editor2-last | editor2-last | no description | String | optional |
editor2-surname | editor2-surname | no description | String | optional |
editor2 | editor2 | no description | String | optional |
editor3-last | editor3-last | no description | String | optional |
editor3-surname | editor3-surname | no description | String | optional |
editor3 | editor3 | no description | String | optional |
editor4-last | editor4-last | no description | String | optional |
editor4-surname | editor4-surname | no description | String | optional |
editor4 | editor4 | no description | String | optional |
editor-first | editor-first | no description | String | optional |
editor-given | editor-given | no description | String | optional |
editor1-first | editor1-first | no description | String | optional |
editor1-given | editor1-given | no description | String | optional |
editor2-first | editor2-first | no description | String | optional |
editor2-given | editor2-given | no description | String | optional |
editor3-first | editor3-first | no description | String | optional |
editor3-given | editor3-given | no description | String | optional |
editor4-first | editor4-first | no description | String | optional |
editor4-given | editor4-given | no description | String | optional |
editor-link | editor-link | no description | String | optional |
editor1-link | editor1-link | no description | String | optional |
editor2-link | editor2-link | no description | String | optional |
editor3-link | editor3-link | no description | String | optional |
editor4-link | editor4-link | no description | String | optional |
language | language | no description | String | optional |
in | in | no description | String | optional |
format | format | no description | String | optional |
arxiv | arxiv | no description | String | optional |
asin | asin | no description | String | optional |
ASIN | ASIN | no description | String | optional |
asin-tld | asin-tld | no description | String | optional |
bibcode | bibcode | no description | String | optional |
doi | doi | no description | String | optional |
DOI | DOI | no description | String | optional |
doi_inactivedate | doi_inactivedate | no description | String | optional |
doi_brokendate | doi_brokendate | no description | String | optional |
isbn | isbn | no description | String | optional |
ISBN | ISBN | no description | String | optional |
issn | issn | no description | String | optional |
ISSN | ISSN | no description | String | optional |
jfm | jfm | no description | String | optional |
JFM | JFM | no description | String | optional |
jstor | jstor | no description | String | optional |
JSTOR | JSTOR | no description | String | optional |
lccn | lccn | no description | String | optional |
LCCN | LCCN | no description | String | optional |
mr | mr | no description | String | optional |
MR | MR | no description | String | optional |
oclc | oclc | no description | String | optional |
OCLC | OCLC | no description | String | optional |
ol | ol | no description | String | optional |
OL | OL | no description | String | optional |
osti | osti | no description | String | optional |
OSTI | OSTI | no description | String | optional |
pmc | pmc | no description | String | optional |
PMC | PMC | no description | String | optional |
pmid | pmid | no description | String | optional |
PMID | PMID | no description | String | optional |
rfc | rfc | no description | String | optional |
RFC | RFC | no description | String | optional |
ssrn | ssrn | no description | String | optional |
SSRN | SSRN | no description | String | optional |
zbl | zbl | no description | String | optional |
id | id | no description | String | optional |
ID | ID | no description | String | optional |
access-date | access-date | no description | String | optional |
accessdate | accessdate | no description | String | optional |
laysummary | laysummary | no description | String | optional |
laysource | laysource | no description | String | optional |
laydate | laydate | no description | String | optional |
author-name-separator | author-name-separator | no description | String | optional |
lastauthoramp | lastauthoramp | no description | String | optional |
display-authors | display-authors | no description | String | optional |
archivedate | archivedate | no description | String | optional |
translator-first | translator-first | no description | Unknown | optional |
translator-last | translator-last | no description | Unknown | optional |
translator2-first | translator2-first | no description | Unknown | optional |
translator2-last | translator2-last | no description | Unknown | optional |