வெரென் விதி

வெரென் விதி என்பது (Varian Rule) எதிர்காலத்தை முன்வைப்பதற்கான ஒரு எளிய வழி, இன்றைய பணக்காரர்கள் எப்படி இருக்கிறார்கள் என்று பார்ப்பதால்; நடுத்தர வருவாய் வருவாய் உள்ளவர்கள் 10 ஆண்டுகளில் சமமானதாக இருப்பாரகள், ஏழை மக்களுக்கு மேலும் கூடுதலான தசாப்தங்கள் ஆகும்.^[1]^[2] அது கூகிளின் தலைமை பொருளாதார நிபுணர் ஹால் வெரெனின் பெயரை அடைமொழியாகக் கொண்டு அழைக்கப்படுகிறது.^[3] ஆண்ட்ரூ மெக்கஃபீ பைனான்சியல் டைம்ஸில் "மாறுபட்ட விதி" என்று முதலில் அழைத்தார்.^[4] தி கார்டியன் எழுத்தாளர் எவன்ஜியோ மொரோசோவ் எழுதிய ஒரு மாற்று விளக்கம், "ஆடம்பரமானது இங்கே ஏற்னவே உள்ளது - இது மிகச் சமமாக விநியோகிக்கப்படவில்லை."^[5]

சில குறிப்பிடத்தக்க வரலாற்று எடுத்துக்காட்டுகள் பூட்டுதலில்லா நிறுத்த அமைப்பு,^[6] மின்னணு நிலைத்தன்மை கட்டுப்பாடு,^[7] காற்றுப் பை^[8] ஆகியவை முதன்முதலில் உயர்தர ஆடப்பர சொகுசு வாகனங்களில் இருந்தன.^[9] ஆனால் பிறகு பொதுவான தானுந்துகளில் இடம்பெறும் வகையிலானவையாக ஆயின.^{[சான்று தேவை]}

ஒரு மிக சமீபத்திய உதாரணம் ஆப்பிள் கடிகாரம் ஆகும். இவ்வகை கடிகாரங்கள் துவக்கத்தில் ஆடம்பரப் பொருட்களாக இருக்கின்றது, ஆனால் மாறுபட்ட விதி இருந்தால், நோபல் பரிசு பெற்றவரும் நியூயார்க் டைம்ஸிற்கான பதிவர் மற்றும் கட்டுரையாளரான பால் கிரக்மேன் அது விரைவில் எதிர்காலத்தில் அணுகக்கூடியதாக இருக்கும், எனக் குறிப்பிடுகிறார்.^[10] ஆனால் அமெரிக்க சிவில் லிபர்டிஸ் யூனியன் பேச்சு, தனியுரிமை மற்றும் தொழில்நுட்ப திட்டத்தின் மூத்த கொள்கை ஆய்வாளர் ஜெய் ஸ்டான்லி, தனிப்பட்ட தனியுரிமைக் கொள்கயின் அடிப்படையில் இந்த முடிவை நிராகரிக்கிறார். ^[11]

சான்றுகள் தொகு

↑ Varian, Hal (2011-08-15). "Micromultinationals Will Run the World". Foreignpolicy.com. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 15, 2015. Think of VCRs, flat-screen TVs, mobile phones, and the like. Today, rich people have chauffeurs. In 10 years or less, middle-income drivers will be able to afford robotic cars that drive themselves, at least in some circumstances.
↑ Krugman, Paul (2015-04-10). "Apple and the Self-Surveillance State". The New York Times. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 14, 2015. Consider the Varian rule, which says that you can forecast the future by looking at what the rich have today — that is, that what affluent people will want in the future is, in general, something like what only the truly rich can afford right now.
↑ McAfee, Andrew (2015-04-07). "What do the rich have now that will soon spread?". Financial Times. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 14, 2015. 'A simple way to forecast the future,' he [Varian] says, 'is to look at what rich people have today.'
↑ Reid, J. Francis (April 13, 2015). "Depressing corollary for the middle classes". Financial Times. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 14, 2015. Sir, Andrew McAfee's coining of the "Varian Rule" (April 8) — that the future can be forecast by the increasing affordability of what the rich have today — has a corollary worth considering. The future may also be forecast by increasing middle class exposure to what the poor experience today.
↑ "Facebook isn't a charity. The poor will pay by surrendering their data". பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 2015-11-04. Luxury is already here – it's just not very evenly distributed. Such, at any rate, is the provocative argument put forward by Hal Varian, Google's chief economist. Recently dubbed "the Varian rule", it states that to predict the future, we just have to look at what rich people already have and assume that the middle classes will have it in five years and poor people will have it in 10.
↑ Braunstein, Janet (1990-12-13). "Anti-lock Brakes No Longer A Luxury Limited To Luxury Cars". Orlando Sentinel. Archived from the original on 2015-10-04. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 14, 2015. Once exclusively for buyers of ultra-expensive, usually imported luxury cars, anti-lock brakes are filtering down into more affordable models.
↑ "StabiliTrak". Autobytel. 2007. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 14, 2015. StabiliTrak is the trademark name for General Motors' electronic stability control system. General Motor's introduced this system in their 1997 Cadillac. It then quickly became available on many company cars and trucks.
↑ Wheels (2011-09-26). "Huge advances have been made in keeping you alive behind the wheel". Wheels.ca. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 14, 2015. The earliest airbags — they were an expensive option on a few vehicles in the early 1970s — were initially proposed as alternatives to seatbelts, which many people refused to wear.
↑ Elliott, Hannah (2009-02-27). "Ten Reasons To Buy A Luxury Car". Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/2009/02/27/luxury-expensive-cars-lifestyle-vehicles_luxury_cars.html. பார்த்த நாள்: April 14, 2015. "But there’s more to luxury cars than prestige. Premium cars offer the most advanced safety options and best entertainment technology on the market, not to mention some of the plushest interiors and most options for customization."
↑ Newitz, Annalee (2015-04-13). "Wearables Are All About Giving You a "Rich Person Experience"". gizmodo.com. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 14, 2015. Over the weekend, economist Paul Krugman ... explains why Apple is emphasizing wealth and luxury in its Apple Watch campaigns. Krugman believes that's because all wearables are aimed at giving you an experience that only super rich people can have.
↑ Stanley, Jay (2015-04-14). "Why Paul Krugman Is Wrong About Wearables". American Civil Liberties Union. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 14, 2015. While the wealthy may have servants, they have power over those servants. When it comes to privacy, what really matters is that we not expose information about ourselves to people who have the power to use that information against us socially, economically, legally, or other ways.

[Varian-1] Varian, Hal (2011-08-15). "Micromultinationals Will Run the World". Foreignpolicy.com. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 15, 2015. Think of VCRs, flat-screen TVs, mobile phones, and the like. Today, rich people have chauffeurs. In 10 years or less, middle-income drivers will be able to afford robotic cars that drive themselves, at least in some circumstances.

[Krugman-2] Krugman, Paul (2015-04-10). "Apple and the Self-Surveillance State". The New York Times. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 14, 2015. Consider the Varian rule, which says that you can forecast the future by looking at what the rich have today — that is, that what affluent people will want in the future is, in general, something like what only the truly rich can afford right now.

[McAfee-3] McAfee, Andrew (2015-04-07). "What do the rich have now that will soon spread?". Financial Times. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 14, 2015. 'A simple way to forecast the future,' he [Varian] says, 'is to look at what rich people have today.'

[Reid-4] Reid, J. Francis (April 13, 2015). "Depressing corollary for the middle classes". Financial Times. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 14, 2015. Sir, Andrew McAfee's coining of the "Varian Rule" (April 8) — that the future can be forecast by the increasing affordability of what the rich have today — has a corollary worth considering. The future may also be forecast by increasing middle class exposure to what the poor experience today.

[Guardian-5] "Facebook isn't a charity. The poor will pay by surrendering their data". பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 2015-11-04. Luxury is already here – it's just not very evenly distributed. Such, at any rate, is the provocative argument put forward by Hal Varian, Google's chief economist. Recently dubbed "the Varian rule", it states that to predict the future, we just have to look at what rich people already have and assume that the middle classes will have it in five years and poor people will have it in 10.

[Braunstein-6] Braunstein, Janet (1990-12-13). "Anti-lock Brakes No Longer A Luxury Limited To Luxury Cars". Orlando Sentinel. Archived from the original on 2015-10-04. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 14, 2015. Once exclusively for buyers of ultra-expensive, usually imported luxury cars, anti-lock brakes are filtering down into more affordable models.

[MyUser_Autobytel.com_April_14_2015c-7] "StabiliTrak". Autobytel. 2007. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 14, 2015. StabiliTrak is the trademark name for General Motors' electronic stability control system. General Motor's introduced this system in their 1997 Cadillac. It then quickly became available on many company cars and trucks.

[Wheels-8] Wheels (2011-09-26). "Huge advances have been made in keeping you alive behind the wheel". Wheels.ca. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 14, 2015. The earliest airbags — they were an expensive option on a few vehicles in the early 1970s — were initially proposed as alternatives to seatbelts, which many people refused to wear.

[Elliott-9] Elliott, Hannah (2009-02-27). "Ten Reasons To Buy A Luxury Car". Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/2009/02/27/luxury-expensive-cars-lifestyle-vehicles_luxury_cars.html. பார்த்த நாள்: April 14, 2015. "But there’s more to luxury cars than prestige. Premium cars offer the most advanced safety options and best entertainment technology on the market, not to mention some of the plushest interiors and most options for customization."

[Newitz-10] Newitz, Annalee (2015-04-13). "Wearables Are All About Giving You a "Rich Person Experience"". gizmodo.com. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 14, 2015. Over the weekend, economist Paul Krugman ... explains why Apple is emphasizing wealth and luxury in its Apple Watch campaigns. Krugman believes that's because all wearables are aimed at giving you an experience that only super rich people can have.

[Stanley-11] Stanley, Jay (2015-04-14). "Why Paul Krugman Is Wrong About Wearables". American Civil Liberties Union. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் April 14, 2015. While the wealthy may have servants, they have power over those servants. When it comes to privacy, what really matters is that we not expose information about ourselves to people who have the power to use that information against us socially, economically, legally, or other ways.

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